By Ahmed Tarek Alahwal & Omar Aboutaleb* 0.0 Introduction Cities around the world are embracing cycling as a clean and efficient mode of mobility as well as one that supports co-existence, democratized streets, and citizenship. In Egypt, cycling is much needed in the contested space of the overly dense, polluted and traffic-choked cities to compensate for the increasing pressure on roads and public transportation. The demand for cycling-inclusive streets has been growing with the constant growth of the cycling groups and communities that are mainly recreational but also support commuting purposes. The Egyptian central government has recently launched an initiative…
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By Isolde deVilliers* Introduction This is a work in progress flowing from a paper presented at the Seventh Annual International and Comparative Urban Law Conference held virtually in July 2021. The central concern in this piece is how law and governance produce urban space and urban spatial relations that remain. Unequal distribution of power marks all of these relations.[1] The central argument I pose here is that conceptualizing these relations in corporate terms, as seen in the KING IV report, a corporate governance policy that includes municipalities in its sectoral supplements, will not dismantle, but rather further entrench existing power…
By Fernanda Catão de Carvalho & Igor Baden Powell* INTRODUCTION Cities are characterized by being spaces with different perspectives that allow for the circulation of people and goods, mediated by contractual, cultural and economic relations. For its functioning, resources are needed–water, energy, food, work, among others–and infrastructure–mobility, housing, health, education and security–referring to the need to rethink the urban space management system in order to provide its inhabitants with a quality way of life and well-being. These needs become worrisome as demands for such resources and infrastructure are rapidly increasing due to the speed and way in which cities have…
By Nikhil Ravindra* 1. Introduction 1.1 General Overview This research aims to promote essential social entrepreneurship policies to catalyze and regulate sustained growth of Bengaluru (a mega-city with nearly 12.4 million population and capital for the state of Karnataka). The city was named as the world’s most dynamic city by the World Economic Forum in 2017. Besides being India’s tech capital and one of the most buzzing cities having evolved to be known for innovation with technological progress, it is also home to several startups and entrepreneurs (Hall, 2018). The Forbes Magazine considers it as one of “The Next Decade’s…
By Iman Hegazy* Since the start of the Syrian civil war in 2011, millions of Syrians have been displaced either as refugees or migrants. Until March 2021, Egypt officially received 132,000 Syrian asylum seekers—a peak record according to the “Monthly Statistical Report” of the “United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Egypt.” It is a pragmatic shift, not only by reconstructing the composition of the Egyptian urban context, but also by causing several impacts on the society in Egypt, including socio-economic, cultural, and political influx. Thus, a sense of fear, as well as recognition of new traditions have emerged. The Egyptian…
By Tarun Arora* 1. Introduction Quandary owes its existence to the entry and presence of pharmaceuticals in the environment (PiE). Pharmaceuticals, while indispensable for preserving life and health against diseases, also pose a major threat to the right to life, health, and a clean, hygienic environment. Pharmaceuticals enter into the environment through excreta, improper disposal of expired or discarded medicines, veterinary uses, and other human uses such as swimming pools, etc. Path-breaking studies have found that improper disposal of expired or discarded medicines has resulted in contamination of groundwater, pharmaceutical compounds in the food chain, and extinction of two species…
By Samar Alarif* Background In the last two centuries, cities around the world are facing rapid demographic changes. Migration and the so-called refugee crisis contribute to these demographic changes. The rapid demographic change and the increase in the urban population concentrate around affordable housing, education, health, energy and water, transport and waste management, access to other public goods, and social and ethnic separation. Developing countries hosting refugees bear the bulk of the responsibility for responding to your refugees. In 2017, developing regions host 85% of the world’s refugees, while least developed countries host a third of the total number of…
By Emile Loza de Siles* The availability and uses of artificial intelligence, including machine learning, deep learning, and other data and algorithmic systems, and robotic systems enabled by artificial intelligence (collectively, “artificial intelligence” or “AI”)[1] are exploding. Beyond doubt, some AI innovations are profoundly important and useful.[2] Some unlock new frontiers far beyond the effective reaches of humans on this blue planet.[3] Some AI innovations are unfolding here on Earth, transforming our lives, although not without safety concerns.[4] Apart from a few AI applications,[5] however, artificial intelligence domains are largely lawless.[6] For example, humanoid childlike robotic systems are marketed for…
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This year’s theme for Fordham ULJ’s annual Cooper-Walsh Colloquium is You Are Not Welcome Here: Surveilling Houses, Homes, and Borders, which will be held on Friday, October 15 at 10:00 AM – 2:45 PM EDT. The colloquium will focus on issues of surveillance and the Fourth Amendment as they intersect with immigration and housing. In both contexts, expectations of privacy are diminished. This clashes with the persistent notion that homes should be afforded the utmost level of privacy. Yet we send the opposite message to those in public housing or who do not have “lawful” or citizenship status in this…